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国务院


以进养出试行办法(附英文)

1979年3月26日，国务院

为了实现新时期的总任务，把工作的着重点转移到社会主义现代化建设上来，对外贸易要有一个大的发展。要引进新技术，进口成套设备，必须大量地增加出口。各有关部门和各地区，要千方百计地发展出口商品生产，在充分挖掘国内出口货源潜力的同时，积极利用国外原材料和技术，发挥国内生产能力，大力发展以进养出业务，把出口贸易做大做活，增加外汇收入，增强国家的外汇支付能力。
一、以进养出的范围：
（一）进料加工，包括进口全部原材料或主要原材料，加工成品出口；
（二）进口主件或配件，加工装配产品出口，如进口船用主机或船用仪器装配船舶出口；
（三）以国产原材料为主，进口辅助材料，加工成品出口；
（四）进口饲料、肥料、种子、种畜等，养殖、种植农副土特畜产品出口，以及用进口商品，调换国内农副土特产品出口。
二、现在由国内供应出口商品用的原料、材料和辅料，要按现行物资供应渠道继续保证供应，不得减少或中断，凡国内能增加供应的，应减少进口或不进口。实行以进养出后，各部门、各地区现在供应出口的商品，应随着生产的发展，保持出口的正常增长。
三、以进养出的商品，应当是国际市场适销，创汇率合算，产品质量符合出口要求，国内有生产能力，燃料、电力供应有保证。
四、以进养出需要的外汇，纳入国家进口用汇计划，由外贸部统一掌握使用。具体业务主要由各进出口总公司负责组织进行。各省、自治区、直辖市外贸局对以进养出外汇的使用和业务执行情况要进行监督检查。以进养出的商品需要使用银行外汇贷款时，按短期外汇贷款办法办理。对国外商人来料加工的原材料、辅料和其它物资，不论是否互开信用证，只要实际不用外汇支付的，均不应算作以进养出。
五、以进养出的商品，经外贸部门同有关地区或部门协商，纳入国家生产计划和外贸计划，并逐步实行计划单列，材料直拨，定点生产，以销定产。在保证完成国家计划的前提下，如生产尚有潜力，国外有销路，能及时出口的产品，可在计划外增加安排以进养出，由省、自治区、直辖市外贸局负责组织进行，所需外汇由外贸部专门拨给。
六、以进养出的进口物资和出口产品，不参加国内的平衡分配，逐步做到进口物资由外贸公司直拨生产单位，产品由生产单位直供外贸公司收购出口。
七、以进养出的产品，要择优安排生产。工业品要选择条件比较好的工厂定点生产。农副土特产品要因地制宜划片生产。定点和划片都要相对稳定。
八、根据军民结合、平战结合的原则，要积极发挥军工企业的生产潜力，发展以进养出商品的生产。军工企业生产供应出口产品的价格，要与民用企业的出口产品实行同质同价。
九、以进养出的工业品，外贸公司同生产或供货单位，应签订经济合同或协议，规定各自承担的义务。任何一方不按合同或协议执行而造成的损失，要承担经济赔偿的责任。
十、以进养出的农副土特畜产品，在安排进口饲料、肥料、种子、种畜等的同时，外贸公司同生产或供货单位，应商定增加供应出口商品的品种、数量、规格质量和交货时间。
十一、以进养出的工业品，外贸公司同生产或供货单位，要商定供应出口产品的合格率，原材料、辅料的消耗定额和交货时间。对于产品合格率低，质量没有保证，原材料消耗多，生产成本高的生产企业，不要安排以进养出。
十二、以进养出商品的创汇，要逐项进行核算，出口成品创汇率一般应掌握在百分之三十至五十以上。生产技术工艺比较复杂的产品，创汇率要高一些；生产技术工艺比较简单的产品，创汇率可低一些，但最低不得少于百分之三十。
十三、承担以进养出的生产企业（包括国营农场），要努力做到按时、按质、按量完成生产和供货任务。由于生产某些批量小、花色品种复杂、交货期短的出口产品，如果影响企业的正常利润，经外贸部门和有关部门商定，可由外贸公司给予必要的价外补贴。
十四、以进养出所需进口物资的国内人民币作价，原则上按照现行进口作价办法办理。对以进养出中由于进口原辅料国内调拨价格或利润、税率偏高而使出口成品外贸亏损大的少数品种，只要国际市场好销，创汇率合算，经过批准，可采用外贸部门代理进口只收手续费，或免征关税、工商税的办法处理。生产、供货单位供应出口的产品，应按外贸进口原辅料实际拨交的价格计算成本。
十五、以进养出商品的外汇留成按国家统一规定的留成办法办理。
各地区、各有关部门及外贸公司、生产企业单位对以进养出的业务活动，要建立专项登记和统计，加强经济核算，保证有关业务凭证、原始记录的完整。
十六、进行以进养出的生产或供货单位，经营好、创汇多，工资、奖金和福利可以多给一些。粗制滥造、克扣进口物资和私分产品的，要追究责任，严肃处理。
十七、对以进养出的生产或供货单位，外货公司应随时提供国外先进产品的样本、样品和技术资料，吸收生产或供货单位的人员参加对外谈判，有计划地组织出国考察和邀请外商进行技术交流。
十八、对以进养出的工作，各地区、各有关部门要加强领导，积极组织进行，并解决生产、供货中存在的问题。生产、供货部门和外贸部门要及时总结经验，推动这项工作不断发展。

TRIAL MEASURES CONCERNING THE PROMOTION OF EXPORTS BY IMPORTATION

Important Notice: (注意事项)
英文本源自中华人民共和国务院法制局编译, 中国法制出版社出版的《中华人民共和国涉外法规汇编》(1991年7月版).
当发生歧意时, 应以法律法规颁布单位发布的中文原文为准.
This English document is coming from "LAWS AND REGULATIONS OF THE
PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA GOVERNING FOREIGN-RELATED MATTERS" (1991.7)
which is compiled by the Brueau of Legislative Affairs of the State
Council of the People's Republic of China, and is published by the China
Legal System Publishing House.
In case of discrepancy, the original version in Chinese shall prevail.

Whole Document (法规全文)
TRIAL MEASURES CONCERNING THE PROMOTION OF EXPORTS BY IMPORTATION
(Approved and promulgated by the State Council on March 26, 1979)
In order to carry out the general task of the new period and to shift the
focus of the work on to the track of socialist modernization, foreign
trade should be greatly expanded and developed. Exports must be greatly
increased for the purpose of introducing new technology and importing
equipment in complete sets. All departments concerned and all regions
should try their best and use every possible means to develop the
production of export commodities; while tapping fully the domestic
potentials for increasing the sources of export commodities, raw materials
and technology from abroad should be utilized fully so as to bring into
full play the domestic production capacity, to devote major efforts to the
promotion of exports by importation and to expand export trade extensively
and in a flexible way, thus increasing foreign exchange earnings, and
strengthening the country's paying capability in foreign exchange.
1. The scope of promoting exports through importation:
(1) to import materials for processing, including the importation of all
raw and semifinished materials or key raw and semifinished materials, and
to process them into finished products for export;
(2) to import main component parts or fittings, and to process and
assemble them into finished products for export; for example, to import
ships' main engines or instruments for assembling vessels for export;
(3) to mainly use home-produced raw and semifinished materials, and import
auxiliary materials, then to process them into finished products for
export; and (4) to import animal feeds, fertilizers, seeds, and breeding
stocks, and to use them in growing and breeding occupations, then to use
the animal, farm, and side-line products and local specialties for export;
or to exchange imported commodities for home-produced farm and side-line
products and local specialties, and to use them for export.
2. With respect to the raw, semifinished and auxiliary materials now
supplied domestically for the production of export commodities, such
supplies shall be guaranteed through the current supplying channel of
materials and shall not be reduced or cut; the materials which can be
supplied domestically shall not be imported or their importation shall be
reduced. After the implementation of the policy of promoting exports by
imports, various departments and areas, which are at present supplying
commodities for export, shall maintain a normal increase in export with
the development of production.
3. The commodities manufactured under the policy of promoting exports by
importation, shall be marketable on the international market;
profitable in earning foreign exchange; up to the quality standards for
export; and can be manufactured domestically with a guarantee for the
supply of fuels and power.
4. The amount of foreign exchange needed for carrying out the policy of
promoting exports by importation shall be included in the state plan for
the allocation of foreign exchange for imports, which shall be executed
solely by the Ministry of Foreign Trade. The specific business operations
shall be organized by the head offices of various national import and
export corporations. The bureaus of foreign trade of various provinces,
autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central
Government shall be responsible for supervising and examining the use of
foreign exchange for promoting exports by importation and the situation of
business operations. Where bank loans in foreign exchange are needed for
commodities for promoting exports by importation, the case shall be
handled in accordance with the measures for granting short-term foreign
exchange loans. With respect to the raw and semifinished materials,
auxiliary materials and other materials supplied by businessmen abroad for
processing on the basis of materials supplied, no matter letters of credit
are mutually opened or not, so long as the payment is not actually
effected in foreign exchange, the aforesaid materials shall not be counted
as the materials used for promoting exports by importation.
5. The commodities for promoting exports by importation shall, after
consultation made by the foreign trade departments with the relevant
regions or departments, be included in the state plans for production and
for foreign trade, and the following principles shall be implemented step
by step; separate plans; direct allocation of materials; production at
designated units and production quota fixed according to sales conditions.
On the condition that the fulfillment of the state plan is guaranteed, if
there still exist production potentials and products marketable on the
international market can be timely exported, then arrangements may be made
for extra exports for promoting exports by importation beyond the plans,
and the foreign trade bureaus of provinces, autonomous regions, or
municipalities directly under the Central Government shall be responsible
for organizing this matter; the foreign exchange needed for the production
shall be allotted specially by the Ministry of Foreign Trade.
6. The materials imported, and the products exported for promoting exports
by importation, shall not be included in the domestic scheme for balanced
distribution; imported materials shall, step by step, be allocated
directly by foreign trade companies to production units, and the products
shall be supplied directly by the production units to foreign trade
companies which shall purchase the products for export.
7. The production of products for promoting exports by importation shall
be arranged on the basis of good quality. For the manufacture of
industrial commodities, only factories with better production conditions
shall be designated specially for the said purpose. With respect to farm
and side-line products and local specialities, the production shall be
developed in the light of local conditions with tracts of land assigned
for the purpose. The aforesaid designation of factories and division of
arable land shall remain relatively stable.
8. In accordance with the principle of "integration of military production
and civil production" and "integration of production in peacetime and that
in wartime", it is imperative to tap the productive potentials of the
military industrial enterprises, and to made full use of these military
industrial enterprises in promoting the production of export commodities
for promoting exports by importation. The prices of export commodities
manufactured by the military industrial enterprises shall be fixed
according to the principle of "same quality, same price" as the export
commodities manufactured by civil enterprises.
9. With respect to industrial commodities for promoting exports by
importation, the foreign trade company and the production or supplying
unit shall conclude and sign an economic contract or agreement, in which
are stipulated their respective obligations. In the event that either of
the two parties fails to execute the said contract or agreement, which
consequently has given rise to economic losses, the violator shall be
liable for compensating for the economic losses.
10. With respect to the farm and side-line products, livestock products
and local specialties for promoting exports by importation, while
arrangements are being made for the importation of animal feeds,
fertilizers, seeds and breeding stocks, the foreign trade company and the
production or supplying unit shall reach an agreement through consultation
concerning the increase of varieties and quantity, the specifications and
quality of the commodities they supply for export, as well as the time for
delivery.
11. With respect to the industrial products for promoting exports by
importation, the foreign trade company and the production or supplying
unit shall reach an agreement through consultation concerning the rate of
quality products for export, the rating for the consumption of raw,
semifinished, and auxiliary materials, and the time for delivery.
Those production enterprises, whose rate of quality products for export is
low, thus unable to guarantee the quality of their products, and whose
consumption of raw and semifinished materials and production costs are
high, are not eligible to be engaged in "promoting exports by
importation".
12. With respect to the earnings of foreign exchange from commodities for
promoting exports by importation, business accounting shall be carried out
item by item, and the rate of foreign exchange earnings from exporting
finished goods should generally be controlled at the rate from 30% to 50%
or higher. The rate of foreign exchange earnings from products that call
for more sophisticated production technology shall be higher, while the
rate of foreign exchange earnings from products that are turned out with
simpler production technology shall be lower, but it shall not be lower
than 30%.
13. Production enterprises (including state-run farms) that engage in
promoting exports by importation shall try their best to fulfil their
production tasks on time with the required quality and quantity and
deliver their goods on schedule. In the event that a production enterprise
undertakes the task of manufacturing a particular item of export product
in small quantity, with complicated designs and varieties and a very short
time limit for delivery, and consequently suffers a loss in its normal
profit earnings, the foreign trade company shall make compensation for
this by giving the production enterprise a necessary subsidy not included
in the calculated purchasing prices after the foreign trade department and
the relevant departments have reached an agreement through consultation.
14. The making of prices in Renminbi within the country for the imported
goods and materials needed for promoting exports by importation shall, in
principle, be handled in accordance with the current measures for making
prices for imported goods. With respect to a few varieties of export goods
included in promoting exports by importation, which, as a consequence of
the high domestic appropriation prices of imported raw and auxiliary
materials or the high profit and tax rates, give rise to great losses in
exporting such finished goods, so long as the aforesaid varieties of goods
sell well on the international market and the rate of earnings in foreign
exchange is acceptable, they may, with approval, be imported through
agency by the foreign trade department and only service fees shall be
charged or Customs duty/consolidated industrial and commercial tax be
exempted from. The products supplied by production or supplying units for
export shall calculate the production costs in accordance with the actual
appropriation price of the said raw and auxiliary materials imported
through the foreign trade channel.
15. With respect to the retention quota of foreign exchange earnings from
the commodities for promoting exports by importation, the case shall be
handled in accordance with the retention measures prescribed uniformly by
the State. With respect to the business activities carried out for
promoting exports by importation, all regions and areas, all departments
concerned, as well as foreign trade companies and production enterprises,
shall set up special register and compile statistics for the said business
activities, strengthen the cost check-up and accounting, and guarantee the
completeness of all business vouchers and original records.
16. With respect to those production or supplying units engaged in
promoting exports by importation, which maintain better business
performance and higher foreign exchange earnings, higher pay, more bonuses
and welfare allowances may be allowed. As to those production or supplying
units which turn out poor quality products, embezzle imported goods and
materials, and plot to share among themselves the products, an
investigation shall be made into their illegal acts, and their cases shall
be dealt with seriously.
17. To the production or supplying units engaged in promoting exports by
importation, the foreign trade companies should, at any time, provide the
aforesaid production or supplying units with specimens and samples of
foreign advanced products as well as relevant technical data, invite the
personnel from the production or supplying units to participate in
business talks with foreign companies or businessmen, organize, according
to plan, study groups to carry out investigations abroad, and invite
foreign businessmen for technical exchange.
18. All regions and areas, and all departments concerned, should
strengthen the leadership of the work concerning the production of export
commodities for promoting exports by importation, enthusiastically
organize the implementation, and solve the problems arising in production
and supply of goods. The production and supplying units and foreign trade
departments should sum up, in good time, their experience so as to push
forward the steady development of this work.


北京市政府


北京市市属全民所有制企业法律顾问工作暂行办法
市政府


第一条 为建立、健全全民所有制企业法律顾问制度,适应企业依法生产经营和管理的需要,根据国务院发布《全民所有制工业企业厂长工作条例》的规定,结合本市情况,制定本办法。
第二条 本市市属全民所有制企业( 以下简称企业),凡设立法律顾问机构或配备本企业人员专职从事企业法律顾问工作的,均适用本办法。
企业聘请专职律师担任法律顾问的,不适用本办法。
第三条 企业设立法律顾问机构或配备专职人员从事法律顾问工作,由厂长(经理,下同)根据实际需要决定,并报企业主管机关备案。
企业法律顾问机构可以称为“企业法律事务室(部、处、科)”;从事本企业法律顾问工作的专职人员可以分别称为主任法律顾问、法律顾问、助理法律顾问(以下统称企业法律顾问)。
第四条 企业法律顾问机构和企业法律顾问, 是厂长的法律事务参谋助手,在厂长领导和授权下参与处理企业重大问题和日常生产经营所涉及的法律、法规、规章事务,业务上受企业主管机关法制工作机构的指导。
在行政执法检查、法律咨询、法制宣传教育和劳动争议仲裁等方面,接受所在区、县政府法制办公室、司法局和劳动局的指导。
第五条 企业法律顾问应当具备下列条件:
一、坚持四项基本原则,作风正派,办事公道;
二、法律专业毕业或者具有中等专业以上学历经过法律专业培训满一年的;
三、具有一年以上企业法制或者生产经营管理实践经验的本企业在职人员。
第六条 企业法律顾问由厂长任命, 其相应的行政级别,由厂长决定。企业法律顾问的专业职务系列,依照国家和本市的有关规定确定。
第七条 企业法律顾问履行下列职责:
一、为法律、法规、规章、政策在本企业贯彻实施,维护企业的合法权益,为本企业依法承担各项义务,为依法治厂服务;
二、对本企业生产经营方针、长远和年度计划、重大技术改造和技术引进计划、工资调整计划、财务预决算、自有资金分配和使用方案的合法性进行审查;
三、对本企业重大、涉外、横向联合、招标经营、内部承包等经济合同的合法性进行审查,参与经济合同的起草、谈判和签约,并监督、指导经济合同履行;
四、开展与企业生产经营管理有关的政策法律咨询,代理参加调解、仲裁、诉讼等活动;
五、办理本企业商标、专利、工业产权、科技成果权等法律事务;
六、参与起草、依法审核企业内部重要规章制度;
七、整理、汇集有关的法律、法规、规章、政策性文件,为本企业提供法律资料;
八、配合本企业有关部门对职工进行法律常识的宣传、教育;
九、负责企业聘请、委托律师工作;
十、监督本企业贯彻执行国家和本市治安、交通、城市建设与管理、文化、卫生、精神文明建设等法律、法规、法规、规章,配合政府做好行政执法监督检查工作;
十一、完成厂长交办的其他法律事务。
第八条 企业法律顾问履行职责时, 享有下列权利:
一、参加企业管理委员会会议或者厂长办公会议;
二、根据工作需要查阅企业内部有关文件资料和统计报表;
三、对本企业发生的违法行为,向厂长提出制止和纠正的意见,并如实向执法主管部门反映;
四、在办理法律事务工作过程中,向本企业有关部门和职工调查、取证、收集资料;
五、厂长授予的其他权利。
第九条 企业法律顾问履行职责时, 应当履行下列义务:
一、忠实于法律、法规、规章、政策,维护国家和社会公共利益;
二、忠于职守,为本企业提供优质法律服务;
三、对所提供的法律咨询和所制作的法律文书的合法性负责;
四、对属于国家和本企业秘密的技术、生产经营及其他有关资料情况,必须严格保密。
第十条 已设置企业法律顾问的企业, 仍可以聘请律师担任企业常年法律顾问,或者委托律师代理诉讼、参加谈判等法律事务。
第十一条 企业和企业主管机关, 对忠于职守, 工作成绩显著的企业法律顾问,应当给予表彰和奖励;对玩忽职守,给国家或企业造成损失的,解除其企业法律顾问职务,并追究其行政责任;构成犯罪的,依法追究刑事责任。
第十二条 企业主管机关的法制工作机构兼做法律服务工作的,不得面向社会;向本部门所属企业提供法律服务,属有偿服务的,必须严格遵守物价、税收、财务等有关法律、法规、规章和政策。
向社会提供法律咨询服务,具备独立核算、自负盈亏、独立承担民事责任等企业法人登记条件的,必须依照司法部、国家工商行政管理局《关于加强对法律咨询服务机构管理的若干规定》,办理审批登记。
第十三条 市经济委员会、市商业委员会、市城乡建设委员会、市市政管理委员会、市政府农林办公室等市属企业主管部门,可以制定执行本办法的细则。
第十四条 非市属全民所有制企业、集体所有制企业以及实行企业经营的事业单位,可以参照本办法执行。
第十五条 本办法由市政府法制办公室负责解释。
第十六条 本办法自1990年7 月 1日起施行。



1990年6月5日